WEST SPINY-TAILED IGUANA
Phylum – Chordata
Class – Reptilia
Order – Squamata
Family – Iguanidae
Genus – Ctenosaura
Species – Ctenosaura pectinata
The Black Spiny-tailed Iguana inhabits the Pacific coast of Mexico, from Sinaloa to Oaxaca. It prefers dry tropical forests, rocky slopes, savannas, and even urban areas, adapting well to hot, arid environments.
Up to 15 years in the wild and 20 years in captivity under proper care. Males weigh 1.5–2.5 kg; females 0.8–1.5 kg. Total body length ranges from 100 to 130 cm, with the tail-covered in strong spines—longer than the body.
Black iguanas are diurnal and bask in the sun during the day. Males are territorial and display dominance by head-bobbing and tail movements. Breeding season lasts from spring to early summer. Females lay 10–30 eggs in sandy burrows, which incubate for about 90 days. Hatchlings are independent from birth.An omnivorous species feeding mainly on leaves, flowers, fruits, and shoots. Juveniles often consume insects and small invertebrates for protein.
The genus Ctenosaura evolved in Central America around 15–20 million years ago. Fossil evidence shows adaptations to various environments and the development of spiny tails as a defense mechanism.
The species held symbolic importance for ancient Mesoamerican cultures such as the Maya, representing solar power. Today, it is kept as a pet and studied for its ecological role.
Among the notable researchers who studied this genus was Hermann Burmeister.
According to the IUCN, Ctenosaura pectinata is listed as Near Threatened, mainly due to habitat loss and illegal capture for the pet trade.
5 Interesting facts
- The Black Iguana is the fastest member of the iguana family, reaching speeds of up to 35 km/h.
- Juveniles are greenish in color, turning darker as they mature.
- The spiny tail serves as an effective defense weapon against predators.
- They are excellent climbers, although they mostly live on the ground.
- In captivity, Black Iguanas can recognize their keepers’ voices and become quite tame.
